物語
「え、この人、実在したの?」『大望』を読みながら、何度もそう思った。
全26巻の大河小説と聞いて、最初は気合いを入れて読む心構えだけしていたんだけど、何章か進むうちに、家康がもう小説の登場人物じゃなくて実在の人物なんだって、何度も改めて実感するようになった。
六歳で人質に出されるというのも小説的な誇張かと思っていたら、本当の話だった。家康は織田家、続いて今川家へと人質の身分が移り、駿府で雪斎禅師のもとで学問を学んだという。幼い頃から「耐える」ことをまず学んだ人だったわけだ。
だから少し調べてみた。生まれた岡崎城は、今も愛知県にそのまま残っていて、復元された天守閣まで見ることができるらしい。
物語の序盤は、ひたすら耐え抜く日々の連続だ。桶狭間の戦いで信長が今川義元を破ってくれたおかげで独立のきっかけを掴み、信長と清洲同盟を結んで、以後20年近く続く協力関係が始まる。

니조성, 교토 · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 2.5
でもこの同盟、順風満帆ではない。三方ヶ原の戦いでは武田信玄に大敗するけれど、信玄が急死したおかげで最大の危機を免れる。その後の長篠の戦いでは逆に鉄砲隊の戦術で武田家に決定打を与える。
個人的に一番つらかったのは、信康・築山殿事件だ。同盟関係の中で家康が自分の妻子を失うという個人的な悲劇を経験するんだけど、これがただの創作エピソードじゃなく実際にあったことだと知ると、小説の読み方が変わった。
そして本能寺の変。信長が急死すると、家康は堺から命がけの脱出を敢行する。これが有名な「伊賀越え」だ。本当に死にかけた瞬間だったらしい。
信長の死後は、今度は秀吉と対立する。小牧・長久手の戦いでは軍事的には家康が優勢だったのに、結局は政治的に手打ちとなり、大坂城で秀吉に正式に臣従することになる。ここは読んでいてもどかしいんだけど、これこそがこの小説が繰り返し描く「耐える」ということなんだと思う。
さらに関東移封で、本拠地を離れて当時は湿地だらけだった関東、つまり後の江戸へと移らされる。秀吉の朝鮮出兵にも前面には出ず、力を温存しながら時を待つ。

세키가하라 전투도 병풍(1854년 사본, 히코네성 소장) · Wikimedia Commons · Public Domain
その忍耐がついに関ヶ原の戦いで報われる。西軍(石田三成ら)を打ち破り、征夷大将軍に就いて江戸幕府を開き、正式に「天下人」となる。
でもここで終わりじゃない。将軍職は息子の秀忠に譲りながらも、大御所として実権は握り続ける「二元統治」を行い、二条城では成人した豊臣秀頼と直接対面する。そして大坂の陣(冬の陣→夏の陣)で豊臣家との最後の対決に臨む。この小説、最初から結末——260年の太平の世を開いた人物——を知った状態で読み進めるのに、その最後の対決に至るまでの一つひとつが、なぜかずっと手に汗握らせるのが不思議だった。
この小説で一番有名なあの例え話もある。家康・信長・秀吉の性格を「鳴かないホトトギス」に例えたものだ。信長は「殺してしまえ」、秀吉は「鳴かせてみせよう」、家康は「鳴くまで待とう」。てっきり小説が作った台詞だと思っていたら、日本で今も実際に使われている有名な例えだった。
一番驚いたのは、家康が死んだ後、本当に「神」になったという話だ。日光東照宮に祀られていて、しかも世界文化遺産で、今も参拝客が絶えないという。
居城としていた江戸城も消えてなくなったわけじゃなく、今も東京のど真ん中、皇居の場所にそのまま残っている。東御苑は無料で入れるらしい。
つまりこの小説、ただの昔話じゃなくて、今でも実際に歩ける地図なんだと思う。私も今度日本に行ったら、大阪・京都コースじゃなくて、この人の足跡を一度たどってみたくなった。
この場面の実際の場所
代表ロケ地TOP5
아이치현 오카자키시
関連
아이치현 도요타시 마쓰다이라초
関連
시즈오카현 시즈오카시 아오이구
関連
아이치현 기요스시
関連
시가현 오미하치만시
関連
登場人物(90名中8名)
人物の関係や物語の詳細は地図画面で確認できます。
大望(徳川家康)のすべての場所(33か所)
아이치현 오카자키시
The birthplace of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Home castle of the Matsudaira clan of Mikawa.
아이치현 도요타시 마쓰다이라초
The ancestral home of the Matsudaira clan. Site of the Matsudaira Toshogu shrine and the Sanyu well.
시즈오카현 시즈오카시 아오이구
Where young Ieyasu spent his boyhood years as a hostage of the Imagawa clan.
아이치현 기요스시
Where Ieyasu signed the 'Kiyosu Alliance' with Oda Nobunaga.
시가현 오미하치만시
Oda Nobunaga's home castle, which Ieyasu once visited.
시즈오카현 하마마츠시 나카구
Ieyasu's base for ruling Totomi Province, nicknamed the 'Castle of Success.'
시즈오카현 하마마츠시 나카구 미카타하라초
The battlefield where Ieyasu suffered a crushing defeat to Takeda Shingen — one of the greatest crises of his life.
아이치현 신시로시 나가시노
Where the combined Oda-Tokugawa forces broke the Takeda army with matchlock-gun tactics.
가나가와현 오다와라시
Ieyasu joined Hideyoshi's campaign against the Hojo clan here, which set up his transfer to the Kanto region.
도쿄도 지요다구 (현 고쿄/황거)
The castle Ieyasu made his base after his transfer to Kanto — later the heart of the Edo shogunate.
도치기현 오야마시
Site of the war council where the Eastern Army settled its strategy just before Sekigahara.
기후현 후와군 세키가하라초
Where the Battle of Sekigahara — the fight that decided the fate of Japan — was fought.
교토부 교토시 후시미구
The castle Ieyasu used as his base around his appointment as shogun and his visits to Kyoto.
교토부 교토시 나카교구
Built as Ieyasu's Kyoto lodging and the site of shogunal ceremonies. A UNESCO World Heritage site.
오사카부 오사카시 주오구
Where the Toyotomi clan was wiped out in the Siege of Osaka (winter and summer campaigns).
시즈오카현 시즈오카시 아오이구
Ieyasu's retirement base as 'Ogosho' after handing the shogun title to Hidetada.
시즈오카현 시즈오카시 스루가구
Where Ieyasu was first laid to rest, per his will.
도치기현 닛코시
Where his remains were later moved and enshrined as the deified 'Tosho Daigongen.' A World Heritage site.
아이치현 가리야시
Home castle of the Mizuno clan, Ieyasu's mother's family — the birthplace of his mother, Odai no Kata.
시즈오카현 가케가와시
The last stronghold of Imagawa loyalists, which Ieyasu talked into surrender rather than storming.
후쿠이현 후쿠이시
Ruins of the castle where Shibata Katsuie and his wife Oichi no Kata met their end together.
교토부 교토시 나카교구
Where Oda Nobunaga died in Akechi Mitsuhide's coup. On hearing the news in Sakai, Ieyasu made a desperate escape for his life.
니가타현 조에쓰시
Home base of the Uesugi clan, one of the greatest powers in eastern Japan, holding both Nobunaga and Takeda in check at once.
후쿠시마현 아이즈와카마쓰시
Ieyasu's campaign against Uesugi Kagekatsu here was the spark that led to Sekigahara.
와카야마현 이토군 고야초
Where Toyotomi Hidetsugu was ordered to commit ritual suicide amid the unstable Toyotomi succession.
구마모토현 구마모토시
Kato Kiyomasa's castle in Kyushu. After Sekigahara he sided with the Tokugawa and helped stabilize the region.
후쿠오카현 후쿠오카시 주오구
The Kyushu domain the Kuroda father and son received for their role at Sekigahara — the father, Kanbei, even eyed seizing all of Kyushu amid the chaos.
미야기현 센다이시 아오바구
Date Masamune's great castle in the Oshu region — he cooperated with Ieyasu while still angling to grow his own power.
나가노현 우에다시
With only a small force, the Sanada father and son pinned down Hidetada's massive army here, making him late for the main battle at Sekigahara.
도쿄도 주오구 니혼바시
A bridge built by the shogunate in 1603 as the starting point (zero-mile marker) of the Five Routes, including the Tokaido. The symbolic point where Edo connected to the rest of Japan.
도쿄도 지요다구 히비야공원 일대
Land reclaimed from Hibiya Inlet, once part of Edo Bay. The entire Marunouchi and Ginza districts now sit on this reclaimed ground.
도쿄도 분쿄구 고라쿠엔
Once the estate garden of the Mito Tokugawa family. Built on the foundation Ieyasu laid, this space where his descendants pursued learning and refinement is now one of Tokyo's finest gardens.
도쿄도 주오구 하마리큐테이엔
Once a Tokugawa shogunal villa and duck-hunting ground. Its seawater tidal garden, fed directly from Edo Bay, survives to this day.